What is Patellofemoral Arthroplasty?
Patellofemoral arthroplasty involves the removal and replacement of only the damaged (arthritic) patellofemoral compartment of the knee, leaving the rest of the knee surfaces and ligaments intact. Specifically, the articular surface of the patella is removed and replaced with durable polyethylene, while the corresponding surface on the femur (trochlea) is replaced with a thin metal implant.
It is indicated for patients with isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis (i.e., no arthritis in the rest of the knee), which causes a diffuse pain in the front part of the knee. In addition to providing pain relief, this procedure can help avoid or delay the need for total knee replacement.
Symptoms of Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis
- Pain in the front of the knee, both at rest and especially during activities that put high stress on the patella, such as kneeling, climbing or descending stairs, and rising from a seated position
- “Grinding” or “crackling” sensations during knee flexion and extension
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Risk Factors for Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis
Factors that increase the risk include:
- Obesity
- Chronic patellar instability
- Poor leg alignment
- Abnormal shape of the trochlea (dysplasia)
- Previous patella fracture
Robotic Patellofemoral Arthroplasty
This surgical procedure is recommended for cases that have not responded to conservative treatment. It is performed using robotic technology and minimally invasive techniques, and the patient typically stays in the hospital for just one (1) day.
With the latest generation MAKO robotic-assisted system available at Hygeia Hospital, such procedures can be performed with exceptional precision, minimal invasiveness, and outcomes that closely mimic the natural knee. The MAKO technology, utilizing a robotic arm, helps the surgeon perform the procedure with millimeter-level accuracy in bone preparation and implant placement.
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Advantages of Patellofemoral Arthroplasty Compared to Total Knee Replacement
- More natural feel and motion, as the healthy cartilage and ligaments in the rest of the knee are preserved
- Less postoperative pain due to reduced surgical trauma
- Shorter hospital stay (1 day)
- Faster recovery due to smaller incision
- Quicker return to work and daily activities
Patellofemoral arthroplasty requires a specialized orthopedic surgeon.